Initial setting time of cement is the time lapse between the addition of water and the instant cement paste starts to lose its plasticity. Final setting time is the time lapse between the addition of water to the instant the cement paste completely loses its plasticity. For OPC initial setting time is 30 minutes and Final Settings Time is 600 Minutes.

John Smeaton – the Father of Civil Engineering. On June 8, 1729, English civil engineer John Smeaton was born. Smeaton actually is referred to having coined the term “civil engineering” to distinguish from military engineers. He was esponsible for the design of bridges, canals, harbours and lighthouses.

No other airport would prepare you for the scale of Dubai’s Al Maktoum International Airport, which extends over more than 21 square miles. The facility is designed to handle 200 wide-body aircraft at a time. The airport’s second expansion phase alone has an estimated cost of more than $32 billion. Originally scheduled for completion in 2018, the latest expansion phase has been delayed, with no definite completion date. 

Dating back to around 3600 BCE, the Knap of Howar is the oldest building in the world and is most likely the oldest house still standing. The Knap of Howar consists of two stone-built houses that were discovered in the 1930s when erosion revealed parts of the stone walls. Soon after, the site was excavated and archaeologists discovered that the two structures were linked by a passage through the joint walls.